Ace the Portage Learning Nutrition Challenge 2026 – Fuel Your Success with Fun!

Megaloblastic anemia is primarily caused by deficiencies in vitamin B12 and folate (vitamin B9). Both of these vitamins are crucial for the synthesis of DNA and the proper formation of red blood cells. A deficiency in either can disrupt normal cell division in the bone marrow, leading to the production of abnormally large red blood cells, or megaloblasts, which are ineffective at transporting oxygen.

Vitamin B12 is essential for various metabolic processes and plays a key role in the production of red blood cells in conjunction with folate. Without adequate levels of these vitamins, not only is the synthesis of red blood cells impaired, but the body also struggles with other physiological functions and the overall health of the individual can decline.

The other options, while they relate to other types of nutrient deficiencies, do not lead to megaloblastic anemia. For instance, deficiencies in iron can lead to iron-deficiency anemia, characterized by small, pale red blood cells (microcytic anemia), and a lack of calcium is more commonly associated with bone health issues rather than direct impacts on red blood cell formation. Similarly, deficiencies in vitamin D and magnesium primarily affect bone health and cellular functions but are not linked to megaloblastic anemia. Thus, the